Sma t su veilla ce has moved f om simple eco di g to active a alysis. Facial ecog itio eade s ide tify people at doo s a d gates. Day a d ight eco di g systems must delive usable footage a ou d the clock. Sma t pa ki g systems ead plates a d cou t spaces. Pedest ia safety systems watch c ossi gs a d wo k zo es a d aise ale ts whe a pe so e te s a da ge a ea. Each of these tasks asks mo e of a came a tha a basic secu ity u it does, a d each u s o a etwo k that usually co tai s equipme t f om seve al ma ufactu e s. P ocu eme t teams add a fu the equi eme t, which is that a p oduct bought today should still fit the system they will have i five yea s.
Motio is the fi st difficulty. Most su veilla ce came a p oducts use a olli g shutte , which eads the image o e ow at a time. Whe a subject moves while the ows a e ead, the pictu e skews, so a walki g pe so lea s, a passi g ca be ds, a d a face tu i g towa d the le s shifts betwee the top a d the bottom of the f ame. The disto tio is small to the eye a d la ge to a algo ithm. Facial ecog itio sco es fall whe facial geomet y is disto ted, plate eade s lose cha acte s o fast vehicles, a d pedest ia detectio gets less eliable at the edges of a c owd. A global shutte exposes all pixels at the same mome t a d emoves the effect. The be efit is la gest fo subjects that move ac oss the f ame, which desc ibes most of the people a d vehicles a su veilla ce came a is mea t to watch.
I teg atio is the seco d difficulty. A came a that wo ks o ly th ough a p op ieta y p otocol becomes a bu de as soo as it must joi a existi g eco de . Reade s who wa t the backg ou d ca co sult Vadzo’s guide to what makes a ONVIF-complia t GigE Came a, which explai s how the sta da d lets p oducts f om diffe e t make s wo k togethe . ONVIF goes beyo d a video st eam. It defi es how devices a e discove ed, how video is equested, how eve ts a e epo ted, a d how eco di g is co t olled, a d it does so i p ofiles that each cove a defi ed set of fu ctio s. A came a that claims ONVIF suppo t without ami g its p ofiles leaves a i teg ato guessi g which fu ctio s will wo k.
Time a d ba dwidth add fu the co st ai ts. Whe seve al came a u its watch o e sce e, softwa e eeds to k ow which f ames f om each u it belo g to the same i sta t. St eams f om ma y came a u its also compete fo the same etwo k, so video must be comp essed efficie tly without losi g the detail that ecog itio eeds. Lighti g completes the list. A came a that eco ds i colo by day must ha dle the move to ea i f a ed illumi atio at ight without colo casts o lost detail, which equi es co t ol of a i f a ed cut filte a d of the i f a ed illumi atio itself. Came a p oducts that leave this to the i stalle ofte p oduce colo casts at dusk, whe the filte state a d the lighti g disag ee.
A system i teg ato who discove s these gaps afte i stallatio faces costly cha ges to cabli g, softwa e, a d mou ti g, a d a su veilla ce system that misses eve ts because of motio disto tio o poo ight footage loses the t ust of the people who ely o it. A validated module that combi es these fu ctio s educes that isk befo e the fi st came a is mou ted.
The I ova-234CGE: 2MP Global Shutte Ethe et Came a is built o the O semi AR0234, a 2MP (1920 x 1200) colo global shutte se so with a 1/2.6 i ch fo mat a d 3.0 mic o pixels. The global shutte exposes eve y pixel simulta eously, a d the 3.0 mic o pixels collect e ough light fo i doo a d outdoo sce es. The se so delive s 10-bit data to a o -boa d image sig al p ocesso . That p ocesso pe fo ms debaye i g, demosaici g, colo co ectio , co t ast co ectio , gamma co ectio , de oisi g, a d le s co ectio s, a d it u s automatic exposu e a d automatic white bala ce. The module the efo e delive s a fi ished image, which keeps colo co siste t ac oss u its a d spa es the eco de f om doi g the wo k. A pixel depth of 10 bits also gives the p ocesso head oom fo smooth to al t a sitio s i shaded a eas.
The o -boa d p ocesso also e codes the video. The module st eams H.264, H.265, a d MJPEG, a d it eaches 60 f ames pe seco d at QVGA, VGA, a d HD i all th ee fo mats. At Full HD, H.264 eaches 60 f ames pe seco d, H.265 eaches 50, a d MJPEG eaches 40. Co sta t bit ate a d va iable bit ate modes a d a quality co t ol setti g let i teg ato s fit st eams i to the etwo k ba dwidth they have. Exposu e, gai , a d white bala ce ca be set ma ually o left automatic; b ight ess, co t ast, sha p ess, satu atio , a d gamma a e adjustable, a d a a ti-flicke setti g cove s 50Hz a d 60Hz lighti g. Image flip is available fo ceili g a d i ve ted mou ti g. These co t ols give i stalle s the same tools they expect f om a IP came a, without eedi g a sepa ate co figu atio utility fo each site.
ONVIF complia ce is the thi d pilla . The I ova-234CGE is complia t with P ofile S fo st eami g, P ofile T fo eve ts, a d P ofile G fo eco di g. Reade s who wa t to compa e the sta da d with plai RTSP st eami g ca ead Vadzo’s tech ical guide to the ONVIF Global Shutte Ethe et Came a app oach, which explai s the sta da d a d its p ofiles. I p actice, P ofile S lets video ma ageme t softwa e discove the came a a d equest its st eam. P ofile T adds the eve t epo ti g that a alytics eed, a d P ofile G lets eco de s co t ol a d et ieve eco di gs. Togethe they cove the fu ctio s that su veilla ce softwa e expects f om a IP came a.
Night ope atio elies o a optio al IR LED boa d. The boa d ca ies i f a ed illumi atio LEDs a d a i teg ated IR cut filte co t ol. IR LED b ight ess ca be adjusted th ough the web i te face, a d the cut filte ca u i a automatic mode that switches betwee day a d ight ope atio based o lighti g, o i a ma ual mode that lets the use choose. The datasheet ma ks IR cut filte co t ol as available o a specific va ia t, so i teg ato s should co fi m the va ia t they eed. Vadzo ecomme ds choosi g i f a ed b ight ess fo the sce e, si ce too much powe ca wash out ea by subjects. I stalle s ca adjust the setti g o site th ough the web i te face as co ditio s cha ge.
The module co ects th ough a sta da d RJ45 co ecto at 100 megabit o 1 gigabit speeds, with a g ee status LED fo the gigabit mode a d a o a ge LED fo the 100 megabit mode. It is powe ed th ough Powe ove Ethe et that complies with IEEE 802.3af, o th ough Mic o USB, a d it d aws betwee 1.05 W a d 1.75 W o Powe ove Ethe et without the LED boa d. The module ope ates f om mi us 40 deg ees C to 85 deg ees C at 20 to 80 pe ce t elative humidity, o -co de si g, weighs 25 g ams without the le s, a d measu es 38 mm by 38 mm as a th ee-boa d stack. A 105 DFOV S-Mou t (M12 sta da d) le s is the default, a d a wide le s cove s e t a ces, aisles, a d pa ki g bays with few came a positio s.
